Another function of "Itu"

Beside "Itu" refers to "that / those" in English, it truly has other usages in Indonesian, and of course it makes why Indonesia so much flexible to use in daily conversation.

"Itu" in Article function/ Demonstrative Determiner

As i already explained to you what "itu" is used to describe the subject  to tell its location from the speaker.

The house = rumah itu
That plate = piring itu
The penguin = pinguin itu
That office = kantor itu

Above, we clearly see that "itu" has a description function for english words "that" and "the".

Other difference between Indonesian and English in terms of how to describe noun/ subject is Indonesian put the adjective after the noun. " Itu" modifies the noun.

Indonesian Sentence Structure

To tell the truth, Indonesian sentence structure is very flexible and easy understandable. Believe me, it's very much similar to English structure. Therefore, those who have mastered English, will be so much easy to master Indonesian fast. So, here to explain what Indonesian structure is, and why is Indonesian considered as the most flexible language of all language on earth.


SIMPLE INDONESIAN SENTENCE

S + P  + O + A

Subject + Predicate + Object + Adverb

How to say "I, me, you, he, she, it, we, they" in Indonesian ?

It's time for "Personal Pronouns" in Indonesian language.

FIRST PERSON singular = i, me

-Saya = It's mostly and generally spoken word for "I", usually it's used in public speaking, and for speaking with new people for the first time we meet.
-Aku = It's used when we speak with someone that has a good relation with us , in other word, someone with a close relation with us ( Family, best friend ), and for talking with children.


SECOND PERSON singular = you

-Kamu/ Kau/ Engkau = We use this to address someone we know very close and usually he or she has the same age with us or maybe younger than us. It can be also used to talk with children and students.

-Anda/ Saudara = It's used mostly when we are on a public speaking or to speak someone who is younger than us or the same age like us. Moreoever , it's usually used to address someone new or for the first time we meet.

How to say "No, not and but" in Indonesian ?

Now, we're gonna learn how to make a negative sentence and a contradiction sentence in Indonesian.

no, not = bukan
but, however = tetapi, tapi, melainkan ( we can use either one of the option )

For example :

1. Ini bukan sepeda, tapi ( tetapi ) motor
    ( This is not a bicycle, but a motorcycle )

2. Apa itu bukan rumah ? or bukannya itu rumah ?
    (  isn't that a house ? )

3. Itu bukan Pak penguin, melainkan Pak akimoto ?
    ( that's not Mr. penguin, but Mr. Akimoto )

How to say "that" and "this" in Indonesian ?

This is what in English is called "Demonstrative Prounouns"

this, these = ini ( it can be either singular or plural )
that, those = itu ( it can be either singular or plural )

"to be" ( is, am, are, was, were, will be, have been, has been, had been ) = adalah (  no matter what tense is used )

For example :

1. Ini kamar or ini adalah kamar
    ( this is room )
2. Itu mobil or itu adalah mobil
    ( this is car )