Saturday, May 18, 2013

How to say "passive voice" in Indonesian Language ? ( verbs with "di-" )

Verbs with "di-"

1. We can make passive in Indonesian by adding prefix "di-"on a verb
2.It's normally used for transitive verbs in Indonesian.
3. It focuses on the object.
4. The sentence order :

Object + Predicate + Subject

For example :
  • Roti itu dimakan oleh saya ( That bread was eaten by me )
  • Soda itu diminum oleh dia ( That soda was drank by him )
  • Buku itu dibeli dia ( That book is bought by him/her )
  • Buku itu dibelinya ( That book is bought by him/her ) *
* "-nya" is the personal suffix of "dia"
 5. Indonesian is so much flexible. So there's other form of passive voice in Indonesian without adding "di-" :

Object + Subject + Predicate

 For example :
  • Mobil itu aku pakai ( That car is used by me )
  • Mobil itu kupakai ( That car is used by me ) *
  • Mobil itu meraka pakai ( That car is used by them )
* "ku-" is the personal prefix of "aku"
  • Rumah itu kamu beli ( That house is bought by you )
  • Rumah itu kaubeli ( That house is bought by you ) *
* "kau-" is the personal prefix of "kamu/ engkau"

6. To make the negation or to add auxiliary in passive voice in Indonesian,
    add negative auxiliary/ auxiliary after the object
  • Makanan itu tidak aku makan/ Makanan itu aku tidak makan ( That food wasn't eaten by me )
  • Pintu belum dia buka / pintu belum dibukanya ( The door hasn't been opened by him )
  • Koran sudah kamu beli/ koran sudah kaubeli / koran kamu sudah beli ( The newspaper has been bought by you )
Those explanations shows that how flexible Indonesian language can be !
The difference is the beginning of the sentence is determined by the speaker's mind. What is considered to be important by the speaker, that will become the opening words.^_^

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